feat:图像分析

1 week ago · 97b1d47842
1 changed files with 263 additions and 0 deletions
--- a/src/main/java/com/iflytop/colortitration/app/service/ImageAnalysisService.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/iflytop/colortitration/app/service/ImageAnalysisService.java
@ -0,0 +1,263 @@
+package com.iflytop.colortitration.app.service;
+
+import lombok.RequiredArgsConstructor;
+import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
+import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
+
+import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
+import java.awt.*;
+import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
+import java.awt.image.ConvolveOp;
+import java.awt.image.Kernel;
+import java.io.File;
+import java.io.IOException;
+
+/**
+ * 图像分析
+ */
+@Slf4j
+@Service
+@RequiredArgsConstructor
+public class ImageAnalysisService {
+    /**
+     * RGB 空间最大距离
+     */
+    private static final double MAX_DISTANCE = Math.sqrt(3 * 255 * 255);
+
+    /**
+     * 泡沫过滤：亮度与均值偏差倍数
+     */
+    private static final double BUBBLE_STD_MULTIPLIER = 1.5;
+
+    /**
+     * 默认高斯平滑内核（3x3）
+     */
+    private static final float[] GAUSS_KERNEL = {
+            1 / 16f, 2 / 16f, 1 / 16f,
+            2 / 16f, 4 / 16f, 2 / 16f,
+            1 / 16f, 2 / 16f, 1 / 16f
+    };
+
+    /**
+     * 使用百分比容差（0–100%）比较图像文件指定区域的平均颜色与目标颜色是否在容差范围内。
+     *
+     * @param imageFile        待分析的图像文件
+     * @param targetColor      目标颜色
+     * @param tolerancePercent 容差百分比（0–100），表示允许的最大色差百分比
+     * @param region           指定区域（x, y, width, height）
+     * @return 如果区域平均颜色与目标颜色距离 <= 百分比转换后的绝对距离，则返回 true；否则返回 false
+     * @throws IOException 如果读取图像文件失败
+     */
+    public boolean isRegionColorWithinTolerance(File imageFile, Color targetColor, double tolerancePercent, Rectangle region) throws IOException {
+        BufferedImage image = loadImage(imageFile);
+        Rectangle validRegion = getValidRegion(image, region);
+
+        long sumR = 0, sumG = 0, sumB = 0;
+        int count = 0;
+        for (int x = validRegion.x; x < validRegion.x + validRegion.width; x++) {
+            for (int y = validRegion.y; y < validRegion.y + validRegion.height; y++) {
+                Color c = new Color(image.getRGB(x, y), true);
+                sumR += c.getRed();
+                sumG += c.getGreen();
+                sumB += c.getBlue();
+                count++;
+            }
+        }
+        Color avgColor = new Color(
+                (int) (sumR / count),
+                (int) (sumG / count),
+                (int) (sumB / count)
+        );
+        double distance = computeDistance(avgColor, targetColor);
+        return distance <= convertTolerance(tolerancePercent);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 使用图像处理（高斯平滑 + 泡沫过滤）和百分比容差（0–100%）
+     * 分析图像文件指定区域的平均颜色是否与目标颜色匹配。
+     *
+     * @param imageFile        待分析的图像文件
+     * @param targetColor      目标颜色
+     * @param tolerancePercent 容差百分比（0–100），表示允许的最大色差百分比
+     * @param region           指定区域（x, y, width, height）
+     * @return 如果区域平均颜色与目标颜色距离 <= 百分比转换后的绝对距离，则返回 true；否则返回 false
+     * @throws IOException 如果读取图像文件失败
+     */
+    public boolean analyzeRegionColorMatch(File imageFile, Color targetColor, double tolerancePercent, Rectangle region) throws IOException {
+        BufferedImage image = loadImage(imageFile);
+        BufferedImage smoothed = smoothImage(image);
+        Rectangle validRegion = getValidRegion(smoothed, region);
+
+        int width = validRegion.width;
+        int height = validRegion.height;
+        int area = width * height;
+        double[] brightness = new double[area];
+        int idx = 0;
+        for (int x = validRegion.x; x < validRegion.x + width; x++) {
+            for (int y = validRegion.y; y < validRegion.y + height; y++) {
+                Color c = new Color(smoothed.getRGB(x, y), true);
+                brightness[idx++] = (c.getRed() + c.getGreen() + c.getBlue()) / 3.0;
+            }
+        }
+        double sum = 0;
+        for (double v : brightness) sum += v;
+        double mean = sum / area;
+        double var = 0;
+        for (double v : brightness) var += Math.pow(v - mean, 2);
+        double std = Math.sqrt(var / area);
+
+        long sumR = 0, sumG = 0, sumB = 0;
+        int validCount = 0;
+        idx = 0;
+        for (int x = validRegion.x; x < validRegion.x + width; x++) {
+            for (int y = validRegion.y; y < validRegion.y + height; y++) {
+                if (Math.abs(brightness[idx++] - mean) <= BUBBLE_STD_MULTIPLIER * std) {
+                    Color c = new Color(smoothed.getRGB(x, y), true);
+                    sumR += c.getRed();
+                    sumG += c.getGreen();
+                    sumB += c.getBlue();
+                    validCount++;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        Color avgColor = validCount == 0
+                ? new Color(0, 0, 0)
+                : new Color(
+                (int) (sumR / validCount),
+                (int) (sumG / validCount),
+                (int) (sumB / validCount)
+        );
+        double distance = computeDistance(avgColor, targetColor);
+        return distance <= convertTolerance(tolerancePercent);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 基于背景差分判断图像中是否存在试管
+     *
+     * @param backgroundFile       空场景图像文件
+     * @param currentFile          当前图像文件
+     * @param region               区域（x, y, width, height）
+     * @param diffThresholdPercent 差分阈值百分比（0–100），灰度差分阈值 = 255 * 百分比
+     * @param minArea              最小像素面积阈值
+     * @param minAspectRatio       最小高宽比 (height/width)
+     * @return 如果检测到符合特征的区域，返回 true；否则返回 false
+     * @throws IOException 读取图像失败
+     */
+    public boolean isTestTubePresent(File backgroundFile, File currentFile, Rectangle region, double diffThresholdPercent, int minArea, double minAspectRatio) throws IOException {
+        BufferedImage bg = smoothImage(loadImage(backgroundFile));
+        BufferedImage curr = smoothImage(loadImage(currentFile));
+
+        Rectangle validBg = getValidRegion(bg, region);
+        Rectangle validCurr = getValidRegion(curr, region);
+        Rectangle validRegion = validBg.intersection(validCurr);
+        if (validRegion.isEmpty()) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("指定区域超出图像范围: " + region);
+        }
+
+        int width = validRegion.width;
+        int height = validRegion.height;
+        double threshold = 255 * (diffThresholdPercent / 100.0);
+
+        int countMask = 0;
+        int minX = width, minY = height;
+        int maxX = 0, maxY = 0;
+        for (int dx = 0; dx < width; dx++) {
+            for (int dy = 0; dy < height; dy++) {
+                int x = validRegion.x + dx;
+                int y = validRegion.y + dy;
+                Color cb = new Color(bg.getRGB(x, y), true);
+                Color cc = new Color(curr.getRGB(x, y), true);
+                double bBg = (cb.getRed() + cb.getGreen() + cb.getBlue()) / 3.0;
+                double bCurr = (cc.getRed() + cc.getGreen() + cc.getBlue()) / 3.0;
+                if (Math.abs(bBg - bCurr) >= threshold) {
+                    countMask++;
+                    minX = Math.min(minX, dx);
+                    minY = Math.min(minY, dy);
+                    maxX = Math.max(maxX, dx);
+                    maxY = Math.max(maxY, dy);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        if (countMask < minArea) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        int boxW = maxX - minX + 1;
+        int boxH = maxY - minY + 1;
+        double aspect = (double) boxH / boxW;
+        return aspect >= minAspectRatio;
+    }
+
+    // --------------- 私有 ---------------
+
+    /**
+     * 读取图像文件并返回 BufferedImage 对象
+     *
+     * @param imageFile 图像文件
+     * @return BufferedImage 图像对象
+     * @throws IOException 如果读取失败抛出异常
+     */
+    private BufferedImage loadImage(File imageFile) throws IOException {
+        BufferedImage img = ImageIO.read(imageFile);
+        if (img == null) {
+            throw new IOException("无法从文件读取图像: " + imageFile);
+        }
+        return img;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 校验并返回图像与指定区域的交集区域
+     *
+     * @param image  图像对象
+     * @param region 指定区域
+     * @return Rectangle 有效区域
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException 如果区域超出图像范围
+     */
+    private Rectangle getValidRegion(BufferedImage image, Rectangle region) {
+        Rectangle bounds = new Rectangle(0, 0, image.getWidth(), image.getHeight());
+        Rectangle valid = bounds.intersection(region);
+        if (valid.isEmpty()) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("指定区域超出图像范围: " + region);
+        }
+        return valid;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 对图像执行 3x3 高斯平滑操作，减少噪声
+     *
+     * @param src 源图像
+     * @return BufferedImage 平滑后的图像
+     */
+    private BufferedImage smoothImage(BufferedImage src) {
+        Kernel kernel = new Kernel(3, 3, GAUSS_KERNEL);
+        return new ConvolveOp(kernel, ConvolveOp.EDGE_NO_OP, null).filter(src, null);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 计算两种颜色在 RGB 空间的欧氏距离
+     *
+     * @param c1 颜色一
+     * @param c2 颜色二
+     * @return double 欧氏距离
+     */
+    private double computeDistance(Color c1, Color c2) {
+        return Math.sqrt(
+                Math.pow(c1.getRed() - c2.getRed(), 2) +
+                        Math.pow(c1.getGreen() - c2.getGreen(), 2) +
+                        Math.pow(c1.getBlue() - c2.getBlue(), 2)
+        );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 将百分比容差转换为在 RGB 空间中的绝对距离阈值
+     *
+     * @param percent 容差百分比（0–100）
+     * @return double 绝对距离阈值
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException 如果百分比不在 0–100 范围内
+     */
+    private double convertTolerance(double percent) {
+        if (percent < 0 || percent > 100) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("tolerancePercent 范围应在 0–100 之间");
+        }
+        return MAX_DISTANCE * (percent / 100.0);
+    }
+}