decode-dimms: Decode size and timings of DDR4

Decode the memory module size and timings of DDR4 memory.
8 years ago · 56149a6f84
2 changed files with 177 additions and 1 deletions
--- a/1
+++ b/1
@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ i2c-tools CHANGES
 master
  tools: Fix potential buffer overflows in i2cbusses
  decode-dimms: Add preliminary DDR4 support
+                Decode size and timings of DDR4

 4.0 (2017-10-30)
  tools: Fix build with recent compilers (gcc 4.6+)
--- a/eeprom/decode-dimms
+++ b/eeprom/decode-dimms
@ -1702,15 +1702,190 @@ sub decode_ddr3_sdram($)

 }

-# Parameter: EEPROM bytes 0-127 (using 1-1)
+# Return combined time in ns
+sub ddr4_mtb_ftb($$$$)
+{
+	my ($byte1, $byte2, $mtb, $ftb) = @_;
+
+	# byte1 is unsigned in ps, but byte2 is signed in ps
+	$byte2 -= 0x100 if $byte2 & 0x80;
+
+	return ($byte1 * $mtb + $byte2 * $ftb) / 1000;
+}
+
+# Rounded per DDR4 specifications
+sub ddr4_core_timings($$$$$)
+{
+	my ($cas, $ctime, $trcd, $trp, $tras) = @_;
+
+	return $cas . "-" . ceil($trcd/$ctime - 0.025) .
+		      "-" . ceil($trp/$ctime - 0.025) .
+		      "-" . ceil($tras/$ctime - 0.025);
+}
+
+use constant DDR4_UNBUFFERED	=> 1;
+use constant DDR4_REGISTERED	=> 2;
+use constant DDR4_LOAD_REDUCED	=> 4;
+
+# Parameter: EEPROM bytes 0-383 (using 1-125)
 sub decode_ddr4_sdram($)
 {
 	my $bytes = shift;
+	my ($ctime, $ctime_max);
+	my ($ftb, $mtb);
+	my $ii;
+
+	my @module_types = (
+		{ type => "Extended type",	},
+		{ type => "RDIMM",		family => DDR4_REGISTERED },
+		{ type => "UDIMM",		family => DDR4_UNBUFFERED },
+		{ type => "SO-DIMM",		family => DDR4_UNBUFFERED },
+		{ type => "LRDIMM",		family => DDR4_LOAD_REDUCED },
+		{ type => "Mini-RDIMM",		family => DDR4_REGISTERED },
+		{ type => "Mini-UDIMM",		family => DDR4_UNBUFFERED },
+		{ type => "Reserved (0x07)",	},
+		{ type => "72b-SO-RDIMM",	family => DDR4_REGISTERED },
+		{ type => "72b-SO-UDIMM",	family => DDR4_UNBUFFERED },
+		{ type => "Reserved (0x0A)",	},
+		{ type => "Reserved (0x0B)",	},
+		{ type => "16b-SO-DIMM",	family => DDR4_UNBUFFERED },
+		{ type => "32b-SO-DIMM",	family => DDR4_UNBUFFERED },
+		{ type => "Reserved (0x0E)",	},
+		{ type => "No base memory",	},
+	);

 # SPD revision
 	printl_cond($bytes->[1] != 0xff, "SPD Revision",
 		    ($bytes->[1] >> 4) . "." . ($bytes->[1] & 0xf));

+	printl("Module Type", $module_types[$bytes->[3] & 0x0f]->{type});
+
+# time bases
+	if (($bytes->[17] & 0x03) != 0x00 || ($bytes->[17] & 0xc0) != 0x00) {
+		print STDERR "Unknown time base values, can't decode\n";
+		return;
+	}
+	$ftb = 1;	# ps
+	$mtb = 125;	# ps
+
+# speed
+	prints("Memory Characteristics");
+
+	$ctime = ddr4_mtb_ftb($bytes->[18], $bytes->[125], $mtb, $ftb);
+	$ctime_max = ddr4_mtb_ftb($bytes->[19], $bytes->[124], $mtb, $ftb);
+
+	my $ddrclk = 2 * (1000 / $ctime);
+	my $tbits = 8 << ($bytes->[13] & 7);
+	my $pcclk = int ($ddrclk * $tbits / 8);
+	# Round down to comply with Jedec
+	$pcclk = $pcclk - ($pcclk % 100);
+	$ddrclk = int ($ddrclk);
+	printl("Maximum module speed", "$ddrclk MHz (PC4-${pcclk})");
+
+# Size computation
+	my $sdram_width = 4 << ($bytes->[12] & 0x07);
+	my $ranks = (($bytes->[12] >> 3) & 0x07) + 1;
+	my $signal_loading = $bytes->[6] & 0x03;
+	my $die_count = (($bytes->[6] >> 4) & 0x07) + 1;
+	my $cap = (256 << ($bytes->[4] & 0x0f)) / 8;
+	$cap *= (8 << ($bytes->[13] & 0x07)) / $sdram_width;
+	$cap *= $ranks;
+	$cap *= $die_count if $signal_loading == 0x02;		# 3DS
+	printl("Size", $cap . " MB");
+
+	printl("Banks x Rows x Columns x Bits",
+	       join(' x ', (1 << ($bytes->[4] >> 6)) * (4 << (($bytes->[4] >> 4) & 0x03)),
+			   ((($bytes->[5] >> 3) & 7) + 12),
+			   ( ($bytes->[5]       & 7) +  9),
+			   (8 << ($bytes->[13] & 0x07))));
+
+	printl("SDRAM Device Width", "$sdram_width bits");
+	printl("Ranks", $ranks);
+	printl_cond($ranks > 1, "Rank Mix",
+		    $bytes->[12] & 0x40 ? "Asymmetrical" : "Symmetrical");
+	printl_cond($bytes->[13] & 0x18, "Bus Width Extension", ($bytes->[13] & 0x18)." bits");
+
+	my $taa;
+	my $trcd;
+	my $trp;
+	my $tras;
+
+	$taa  = ddr4_mtb_ftb($bytes->[24], $bytes->[123], $mtb, $ftb);
+	$trcd = ddr4_mtb_ftb($bytes->[25], $bytes->[122], $mtb, $ftb);
+	$trp  = ddr4_mtb_ftb($bytes->[26], $bytes->[121], $mtb, $ftb);
+	$tras = ((($bytes->[27] & 0x0f) << 8) + $bytes->[28]) * $mtb / 1000;
+
+	printl("AA-RCD-RP-RAS (cycles)",
+	       ddr4_core_timings(ceil($taa/$ctime - 0.025), $ctime,
+	                         $trcd, $trp, $tras));
+
+# latencies
+	my %cas;
+	my $cas_sup = ($bytes->[23] << 24) + ($bytes->[22] << 16) +
+		      ($bytes->[21] << 8) + $bytes->[20];
+	my $base_cas = $bytes->[23] & 0x80 ? 23 : 7;
+
+	for ($ii = 0; $ii < 30; $ii++) {
+		if ($cas_sup & (1 << $ii)) {
+			$cas{$base_cas + $ii}++;
+		}
+	}
+	printl("Supported CAS Latencies", cas_latencies(keys %cas));
+
+# standard DDR4 speeds
+	prints("Timings at Standard Speeds");
+	foreach my $ctime_at_speed (15/24, 15/22, 15/20, 15/18, 15/16, 15/14, 15/12) {
+		my $best_cas = 0;
+
+		# Find min CAS latency at this speed
+		for ($ii = 29; $ii >= 0; $ii--) {
+			next unless ($cas_sup & (1 << $ii));
+			if (ceil($taa/$ctime_at_speed - 0.025) <= $base_cas + $ii) {
+				$best_cas = $base_cas + $ii;
+			}
+		}
+
+		printl_cond($best_cas && $ctime_at_speed >= $ctime
+				      && $ctime_at_speed <= $ctime_max,
+			    "AA-RCD-RP-RAS (cycles)" . as_ddr(4, $ctime_at_speed),
+			    ddr4_core_timings($best_cas, $ctime_at_speed,
+					     $trcd, $trp, $tras));
+	}
+
+# more timing information
+	prints("Timing Parameters");
+
+	printl("Minimum Cycle Time (tCKmin)", tns3($ctime));
+	printl("Maximum Cycle Time (tCKmax)", tns3($ctime_max));
+	printl("Minimum CAS Latency Time (tAA)", tns3($taa));
+	printl("Minimum RAS to CAS Delay (tRCD)", tns3($trcd));
+	printl("Minimum Row Precharge Delay (tRP)", tns3($trp));
+	printl("Minimum Active to Precharge Delay (tRAS)", tns3($tras));
+	printl("Minimum Active to Auto-Refresh Delay (tRC)",
+		tns3(ddr4_mtb_ftb((($bytes->[27] & 0xf0) << 4) + $bytes->[29],
+				  $bytes->[120], $mtb, $ftb)));
+	printl("Minimum Recovery Delay (tRFC1)",
+		tns3((($bytes->[31] << 8) + $bytes->[30]) * $mtb / 1000));
+	printl("Minimum Recovery Delay (tRFC2)",
+		tns3((($bytes->[33] << 8) + $bytes->[32]) * $mtb / 1000));
+	printl("Minimum Recovery Delay (tRFC4)",
+		tns3((($bytes->[35] << 8) + $bytes->[34]) * $mtb / 1000));
+	printl("Minimum Four Activate Window Delay (tFAW)",
+		tns3(((($bytes->[36] & 0x0f) << 8) + $bytes->[37]) * $mtb / 1000));
+	printl("Minimum Row Active to Row Active Delay (tRRD_S)",
+		tns3(ddr4_mtb_ftb($bytes->[38], $bytes->[119], $mtb, $ftb)));
+	printl("Minimum Row Active to Row Active Delay (tRRD_L)",
+		tns3(ddr4_mtb_ftb($bytes->[39], $bytes->[118], $mtb, $ftb)));
+	printl("Minimum CAS to CAS Delay (tCCD_L)",
+		tns3(ddr4_mtb_ftb($bytes->[40], $bytes->[117], $mtb, $ftb)));
+
+	# Optional?
+	my $twr = ((($bytes->[41] & 0x0f) << 8) + $bytes->[42]) * $mtb / 1000;
+	printl_cond($twr, "Minimum Write Recovery Time (tWR)", tns3($twr));
+	my $twtr = ((($bytes->[43] & 0x0f) << 8) + $bytes->[44]) * $mtb / 1000;
+	printl_cond($twtr, "Minimum Write to Read Time (tWTR_S)", tns3($twtr));
+	$twtr = ((($bytes->[43] & 0xf0) << 4) + $bytes->[45]) * $mtb / 1000;
+	printl_cond($twtr, "Minimum Write to Read Time (tWTR_L)", tns3($twtr));
 }

 # Parameter: EEPROM bytes 0-127 (using 4-5)